Various operations, such as copying, concatenation, tokenization and searching are supported [1] originally thought harmless, format string exploits can be used to crash a program or to execute harmful code A string of n characters is represented as an array of n.
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An example call to the printf function printf is a c standard library function that formats text and writes it to standard output
Mismatch between the format specifiers and count and type of values results in undefined behavior and possibly program crash.
[3] it detects problems in a program while letting it run and allows users to examine different registers. The concept allows storage of data that appears to be global in a system with separate threads In the following example expressed in c, a program has two variables which are adjacent in memory See for example concatenation below.
Uncontrolled format string is a type of code injection vulnerability discovered around 1989 that can be used in security exploits
