The set of all global variables is known as the global environment or global state. These are referred to as percent routines and percent globals. Variable shadowing in computer programming, variable shadowing occurs when a variable declared within a certain scope (decision block, method, or inner class) has the same name as a variable declared in an outer scope
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At the level of identifiers (names, rather than variables), this is known as name masking.
Both these rules can be overridden with a global or nonlocal (in python 3) declaration prior to use, which allows accessing global variables even if there is a masking nonlocal variable, and assigning to global or nonlocal variables.
Variable scope in python is implicitly determined by the scope in which one assigns a value to the variable, unless scope is explicitly declared with global or nonlocal. While the term can refer to global variables, it is primarily used in the context of nested and anonymous functions where some variables can be in neither the local nor the global scope. An external variable can be accessed by all the functions in all the modules of a program It is a global variable
For a function to be able to use the variable, a declaration or the definition of the external variable must lie before the function definition in the source code Or there must be a declaration of the variable, with the keyword extern, inside the function The last global variable subtree may be referenced indirectly by a caret and the last subscript This is referred to as a naked reference
